Electric locomotive



(No ModeL; 2 sheets sheet l.

J. P.1VIOLAUGHLIN. ELECTRIC LOOOMOTIVE.

No. 570,945. Patented Nov. 10, 1896.

wrzecsqsea: I76?) 620%?! UNITED STATES PATENT OF ICE.

JAMES F. MOLAUGI-ILIN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE.

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 570,945, datedNovember 10, 1896. Application filed June 24, 1891. Serial No. 397,336.(No model.) I

To all whom it may concern."

Be it known that I, J AMES F. MoLAUcHLIN,

a citizen of the United States, and a residentof Philadelphia, in thecounty of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Electric Locomotives, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention has reference to electric l0- comotives of the kind inwhich the electric propelling-motor is placed axially with reference tothe car-axle, the object of the improvement being to simplify theconstruc-' tion by connecting the rotating armature, which is normallyloose upon the car-axle, directly with the latter by means of africtionclutch whenever it is desired to start the car, so that nogearing, and especially no reduc ing-gearing, is interposed between thearmature and the car-axle.

A further object of my improvement is to protect the armature andfield-coils against the admission of dust and against injury bymechanical violence, and for this purpose the field-magnet is shapedtoform an inclosing shell around the armature, while the energizing-coilsof the field-magnet are lodged in recesses, so that they are notaccessible except for inspection and repair.

A further object of my invention is to so construct the electricpropelling-motor that it can be placed centrally upon the drivingaxleafter the wheels have been shrunk or otherwise secured to the same, andfor this purpose I construct the armature and connected friction-clutchin two separable halves, and the same construction is also adhered to inthe case of the field-magnet.

In carrying out my invention I make use of the friction-clutch patentedto me on May 5, 1891, No. 451,653, and I also make use'of the armatureshown and described in my pending application, Serial N 0. 394,225,filed May 26, 1891, although I am not necessarily limited to theseconstructions.

In the accompanyin g drawings, which form a part of the specification,my invention is illustrated by one of the preferred forms which the samemay assume, but it will be understoodthat the details of constructionmay be varied without departing from my invention. i

transverse section of the electric motor, and- Fig.3 illustrates aportion of the field-magnet shell with the clutch-operatin g rodentering the same'and the slide to prevent the accession of dust.

. Like numerals of reference indicate like parts all throughout thedrawings.

Upon the car-axle 1 is a sleeve 2, which i headed or flanged at one end,as indicated at 3, and which sleeve turns loosely upon the axle and hassecured to it the armature 4 and the commutator 5. The main body of thearmature consists of alternate magnetic laminae 6 6, separated from eachother by nonmagnetic laminae, as indicated in Fig. 1, and each of theselaminae has a circular series of segmental perforations 7 7, which formchannels to receive the armature-coils 8, which are thus safely housedwithin the body of the armature proper. A number of openings 7 are alsoformed in each lamina to reduce the weight of the armature. One end ofthe armature is formed by a head 9, and integral with said head there isa shell 10, which constitutes the driving member of the frictionclutchfor connecting the armature with the car-axle. The cylindrical portion1l,by which the head 9 is connected with the shell 10, has a loosebearing upon the sleeve 12, which is keyed to the car-axle, and fromthis sleeve extends at one end a disk 13, upon which the clutch-shoes 14are mounted in such a mannor as to be moved radially in engagement andout of engagement with the inner cylindrical surface of the shell 10.This movement of the clutch-shoes is effected by the toggles 15, whichwith their inner ends are mounted upon a sleeve 16, which is loose uponthe outer reduced end of the thimble 17, the inner expanded end of whichis screwthreaded, as indicated, and is screwed upon a screw-threadedsleeve 18, which in turn is loose upon a boss 19, which may be eitherkeyed upon the car or may also be loose upon the same.

From the screw-threaded sleeve 18 extends an arm 20, which is secured byscrews 21 or in any other way to the body of the fieldmagnet shell 22.Upon the flange 23, formed at the extended end of the thiinble 17, ismounted a ring-lever 24, which may beadjusted to different positions bya screw 25, which passes through one of a series of holes formed in thering of the ring-lever and into the screw-threaded hole formed for thispurpose in the flange 23. This clutch is operated by a rod 26,connecting with the lever end of the ring-lever, all as clearly setforth in my aforesaid Letters Patent No. 451,653, of May 5, 1891. Forthe purpose of this case it is only necessary to know that the rod 26passes through a slot 27, formed in the field-magnet shell, and issecured to a slide-plate 28, mounted upon the outside of the shell, asis clearly shown in Fig. 8. It will thus be seen that during theoperation of the clutch-rod 26 the slot 27 isalways closed. At the otherend of the armature there is a head 9, corresponding to the head 9, andthis head has also a number of perforations corresponding in size andposition to the perforations 7 and 7 in the laminae, and the commutator5 is mounted on a hub 5, formed on the head 9. The perforations in thehead 9 are closed by sectoral plates 29. The construction of thearmature is clearly described in my pending application, Serial No.394,325,above referred to, and in the same application the iron andinsulating laminae are described as circular disks, as are also theheads 9 and 9. For the purposes of my present improvement I prefer tomake the whole armature, as well as the commutator, together with thedriving member 10 of the fllOtlOlL-OllltOll, in two semicircular parts,so that these parts may be assembled upon the car-axles after the wheelshave been placed thereon. These semicircular parts are then lookedtogether by pins, bolts, or screws passing through holes 30, (indicatedin the drawings in Fig. 1,) although my invention is not limited by thisparticular feature.

, The field-magnet 22 is shaped as an enveloping shell entirely closingthe armature, the commutator, and the clutch mechanism. It consists oftwo magnetic and two non-magnetic sections. The magnetic sections 31 31are each formed on the outside with an elongated annular recess 32, andthe core 33 of this annular recess forms the core of the fieldmagnetcoil 34, which is protected against the accession of dust and otherimpurities by a cap 35, fitted over the coil and screwed into the core33 and secured in place by screws 36, passing into the core. Internallyeach magnetic section of the field-magnet has a polar projection 37,which is hollowed out and conforms to the size and shape of thearmature, and the two magnetic sections are secured together by boltsand nuts 38, applied to lugs 39, formed on the magnetic sections forthis purpose. These two magnetic sections when fastened together do notentirely inclose the armature, but leave a considerable gap 40, which isbridged by two non-magnetic sections 4141, each fitted to one of themagnetic sections and bolted thereto by screws 42, and finally boltedtogether by screw-bolts and nuts 43, applied to lugs 44, formed for thispurpose on the non-magnetic section.

The magnetic and non-magnetic sections of the field-magnets are at eachend tapered down and are there swelled, so as to form hubs 46, whichhave their bearings upon sleeves 45 46, respectively, which sleeves aresecured upon the car-axle. At the commutator end of one of thenon-magnetic sections there is a swinging door 47 for admission to thecommutator-brushes, which latter, however, are not shown in the drawingsfor the sake of simplicity of illustration.

It will now be seen that in this construction not only is the wholearmature with its accessory parts and the friction -clutch housed withinthe field-magnet, but that the fieldmagnet coils themselves are housedwithin the body of the magnets, so that none of the operative parts ofthe motor are exposed to injury or disturbance. The armature, as well asthe field-magnets, is loose upon the caraxle and centrally mounted uponthe same; but the field-magnets are prevented from rotation byconnection with some fixed portions 48 48 of the car-body, thisconnection being shown in this instance to be effected by means of bolts49, passing through lugs 50, formed for this purpose on the field-magnetshell, with elastic buffers interposed between the lugs 50 and the fixedportions 48 of the carbod It will be understood that an electriclocomotive thus equipped is operative by allowing the armature to runloose and that the car is started by clutching the armature directlywith the car-axle, which is effected by a partial rotation of thescrew-threaded thimble by means of the ring-lever 24 and the rod 26,which latter, it will be understood, is connected'with anoperating-lever within convenient reach of the motorman.

Having now fully described my invention, I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent 1. An electric motor comprising a fieldmagnet shell withinwardly-projecting polepieces and outwardly-opening recesses forreceiving the field-energizing coils, an armature and commutatorinclosed within the fieldmagnet shell, and a clutch for coupling thearmature to the work, also inclosed within the field-magnet shell,substantially as described.

2. In an electric locomotive, the combination with the driving-axle ofthe car of an electric motor composed of a two-part armature andfield-magnet, the latter completely inclosing the former; and a two-partfrictionclutch for connecting the armature with the car-axle,substantially as described.

3. In an electric locomotive, the combination of an electric motor andfriction-clutch lng all operative parts inclosed by a field- Vmagnetshell, with a slot in said shell; a slide covering said slot and aclutch-operating rod connected with the slide and passing through theslot, substantially as described.

4:. In an electric motor, a field-magnet having in its bodyoutwardlyopening annular recesses, and energizing-coils upon the coresWithin the recesses, substantially as described.

5. In an electric motor, a field-magnet shell completely enveloping thearmature, said shell having in its body outwardly-opening annularrecesses, and energizing-coils upon the cores Within the recesses,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing Witnesses.

JAMES F. MGLAUGHLIN.

Witnesses:

H. F. REARDON, W. O. MOO RDY.

